Tropicos | Name - Cyclodictyon Mitt.

Andean Bryo > Pilotrichaceae > Cyclodictyon

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Cyclodictyon Mitt.

Search in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical Garden

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 2/12/2013)

Acceptance : Accepted

Notes (Last Modified On 2/12/2013)

Notes:

Nearly 100 species ascribed to this African-American tropical genus; about 70 species recorded for the Neotropics, probably less than 30. In the tropical Andes found primarily in montane rarely found in the lowland forest, mostly of moist or wet sites, often on soil, humus or leaf litter, occasionally on rocks or epiphytic. Cyclodictyon is characterized by the lax, spreading habit, the leaves crispate when dry and complanate when moist, differentiated between symmetric dorsal/ventral and asymmetric lateral ones, mostly ovate to oblong-ovate, margins limbate, with a border of 1 to few long and narrow cells, large, thin-walled, hexagonal or rhombic median and upper cells, seta smooth, suberect to horizontal capsules, finely cross-striate, furrowed exostome teeth, and a smooth, mitrate calyptra with base somewhat laciniate. A worldwide revision is urgently needed. Distal branches have occasionally been observed with deciduous leaves in Colombia, possibly serving for asexual reproduction.

Aproximadamente 100 especies adscritas a este género tropical Afro-Americano; ca. 70 especies registradas en el Neotrópico, probablemente sean menos de 30. Cyclodictyon se caracteriza por el hábito patente, laxo, las hojas crispas en seco y complanadas en húmedo, diferenciadas entre simétricas dorsales/ventrales y asimétricas laterales, generalmente ovadas hasta oblongo-ovadas, márgenes marginados, con borde de 1 hasta pocas células angostas y largas, grandes, con paredes delgadas, células mediales y superiores hexagonales o rómbicas, setas lisas, cápsulas suberectas hasta horizontales, estrías finamente cruzadas, dientes del exostoma acanalados y caliptra mitrada, lisa, con la base algo laciniada. Ocasionalmente se han observado ramas distales con hojas deciduas, posiblemente sirven para la reproducción asexual.

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Plants medium sized, often rather lax, forming loose mats, mostly pale green to whitish-green, occasionally reddish. Stems creeping and spreading or subascending, irregularly branched, occasionally distal stems and branches with deciduous leaves; in cross-section hyalodermis usually present, cortical cells large and hyaline, central strand absent; rhizoids clustered beneath stems. Leaves crispate when dry, loosely complanate when wet, lateral and dorsal/ventral leaves differentiated, lateral leaves asymmetric, ovate to ovate-oblong, 0.5-2.8 mm long, apex short to long acuminate; margins entire to more often serrate or serrulate distally, limbate; costae double, 2/3-3/4 lamina length, slender; median cells large, hexagonal to broadly rhombic, smooth; basal cells large and lax; marginal cells forming a border of 1-5 or more rows, long-linear; dorsal/ventral leaves symmetric, often slightly smaller. Gemmae rare. Autoicous or dioicous. Perichaetia lateral, leaves differentiated, abruptly long lanceolate or linear from an ovate base, distal cells often elongate. Setae 10-18 mm long, elongate, smooth. Capsules suberect to horizontal, urn ovoid to ovoid-cylindrical, somewhat curved; exothecial cells rounded quadrate or rectangular, longitudinal walls often thick, collenchymatous or not; stomata represent by 4 or 6 subquadrate cells at urn base; opercula conic-long rostrate, oblique; peristome double, exostome teeth strongly furrowed, finely cross-striate below, distally papillose; endostome basal membrane moderately high, segments keeled, weakly perforate or not, lightly papillose, cilia absent. Calyptrae mitrate, smooth, slightly laciniate at base. Spores spherical, lightly papillose.

Plantas medianas, a menudo bastante laxas, formando matas laxas, generalmente verde pálidas hasta verde blancuzcas, ocasionalmente rojizas. Tallos reptantes y patentes o subascendentes, irregularmente ramificados, porción distal de tallos y ramas ocasionalmente con hojas deciduas; en corte transversal hialodermis generalmente presente, células corticales grandes y hialinas, sin cordón central; rizoides agregados en la porción inferior de los tallos. Hojas crispas en seco, laxamente complanadas en húmedo, hojas laterales y dorso/ventrales diferenciadas, hojas laterales asimétricas, ovadas hasta ovado-oblongas, 0.5-2.8 mm de largo, ápices corto- hasta largo-acuminados; márgenes enteros hasta más frecuentemente serrados o serrulados distalmente, bordeados; costa doble, ocupando 2/3-3/4 de la longitud de la lámina, delgada; células mediales grandes, hexagonales hasta anchamente rómbicas, lisas; células basales grandes y laxas; células del margen formando un borde de 1-5 o más filas, largo-lineales; hojas dorsales/ventrales simétricas, a menudo escasamente menores. Yemas rara. Autoica o dioicas. Periquecios laterales, hojas diferenciadas, abruptamente largo lanceoladas o lineales desde una base ovada, células distales a menudo alargadas. Setas 10-18 mm de largo, alargadas, lisas. Cápsulas suberectas hasta horizontales, urna ovoide hasta ovoide-cilíndrica, algo curvada; células exoteciales cuadradas o rectangulares redondeadas, paredes longitudinales a menudo gruesas, colenquimatosas o no; estomas representados por 4 o 6 células subcuadradas en la base de la urna; opérculo largo-cónico rostrado, oblicuo; peristoma doble, dientes del exostoma marcadamente acanalados, estrías finamente cruzadas abajo, distalmente papilosos; membrana basal del endostoma moderadamente alta, segmentos carinados, débilmente perforados o no, finamente papilosos, cilios ausentes. Caliptra mitrada, lisa, escasamente laciniada en la base. Esporas esféricas, finamente papilosas.