1. Aulacomnium Schwaegr.   皱蒴藓属   zhou shuo xian shu

Sp. Musc. Frond., Suppl. 3, 1(1): 215. 1827. Mnium sect. Aulacomnium (Schwaegr.) Endlich., Gen. Pl. 53. 1836.

Aulacomnion Schwaegr., Sp. Musc. Frond., Suppl. 3, 1(1): 215. 1827, nom. illeg.

Arrhenopterum Hedw., Sp. Musc. Frond. 198. 1801. Aulacomnium subgen. Arrhenopterum (Hedw.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. I(3): 625. 1904.

Fusiconia P. de Beauv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1(Pl.): t. 7. f. 5. 1822.

Gymnocephalus Schwaegr., Sp. Musc. Frond., Suppl. 1, 2: 87. 1816.

Gymnocybe Fries, Stirp. Agri Femsion. 27. 1825.

Limnobryum Raben., Krypt.-Fl. Sachsen 1: 502. 1863.

Orthopyxis P. de Beauv., Mag. Encycl. 5: 322. 1804.

Sphaerocephalus Lindb., Utkast Eur. Bladmoss. 37. 1878, nom. illeg.

 

Plants small, medium-sized to large, usually yellowish green, not glossy, in dense tufts. Stems simple, but newly innovated branches growing annually on old stems, with dense rhizoids at base. Leaves dense, appressed, secund when dry, erect-patent when moist, oblong-ovate, lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, gradually acuminate or rounded-obtuse; margins mostly recurved; costae ending below the apex; leaf cells small, thick-walled, sometimes thickened at corners, rounded or rounded-triangular to rounded-hexagonal, coarsely papillose in center. Gemmae often present. Dioicous, rarely autoicous. Perichaetial leaves differentiated. Setae elongate; capsules elongate-ovoid to cylindrical, curved, pendulous, with short neck; opercula obliquely rostrate; annuli in 2–4 rows, deciduous; peristome double; exostome teeth narrowly lanceolate, slender, yellow or reddish brown, dorsally papillose, with a median zigzag line, trabeculate ventrally; endostome segments thin, hyaline, slenderly lanceolate, deeply split; basal membrane high; cilia well developed, 2–4, more or less nodulose. Calyptrae cucullate, smooth. Spores usually smooth, sometimes minutely papillose.

 

 

 

1. Leaves more or less homomallous, oblong-ovate or broadly oblong; margins coarsely dentate in the upper half; leaf cells smooth; costae firm, not flexuous; plants autoicous.................................... 2. A. heterostichum

1. Leaves not homomallous, oblong, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate; margins nearly entire, irregularly or remotely denticulate; leaf cells papillose on both surfaces; costae usually flexuous; plants dioicous............ 2

2. Leaves oblong to elliptic, obtuse and cucullate-concave at apex; margins entire near apex... 4. A. turgidum

2. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate at apex; margins denticulate near apex.......... 3

3. Leaf apices acute; basal leaf cells at the insertion not inflated, rounded-hexagonal, unistratose, with large papillae............................................................................................................................................1. A. androgynum

3. Leaf apices acuminate; basal leaf cells at the insertion inflated, rectangular, bi- to tri-stratose, without papillae......................................................................................................................................... 3. A. palustre